What tests may I need before I get pregnant?

You may need some tests to find out if you have problems that could harm you or your baby during pregnancy. Many things can be treated before pregnancy to help prevent problems for you and your baby.

Rubella. If you don't know whether you've ever had rubella (also called the German measles) or been vaccinated against it, a blood test can give the answer. Catching rubella while you're pregnant can be very harmful for your baby. You can be vaccinated against rubella before you get pregnant.

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs). STIs such as gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydia and AIDS can make it hard for you to get pregnant and can also harm you or your baby. It is best if these diseases are diagnosed and treated before pregnancy.

Other problems. Your doctor may also want to perform some other tests depending on your risk for other problems (such as anemia or hepatitis).

Am I around things at work or at home that could be harmful?

There are certain materials that a woman who is pregnant should avoid. Some dangers include radiation, heavy metals like lead, copper and mercury, carbon disulfide, acids and anesthetic gases. The radiation from computer screens doesn't seem to be harmful.

Talk with your doctor about your workplace and home environments to find out if there are any dangers. If anything could harm your baby at work, you may be able to use special clothing or equipment to protect your baby, or you may be able to get a short-term transfer before and during pregnancy.

When should I talk with my doctor about pregnancy?

You can talk with your doctor about pregnancy at any time, even before you're thinking about getting pregnant. You can talk about your diet, habits, lifestyle and any concerns you have. Plan on visiting your doctor within a year before you want to get pregnant. At that time, you may be given a physical check-up. You and the father-to-be will probably be asked about your medical history. You'll also both have the chance to ask your doctor questions.

Why is being ready for pregnancy so important?

Conception occurs about 2 weeks before your period is due. That means you may not even know you're pregnant until you're more than 3 weeks pregnant. Yet your baby is most sensitive to harm 2 to 8 weeks after conception. This is when your baby's organs (such as the heart) begin to form. Anything you eat, drink, smoke or are exposed to can affect your baby. That's why it's best to start acting as if you're pregnant before you actually are.